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Espresso Machines: Lever, Heat-Exchanger, Dual-Boiler — The Complete Buying Guide
Photo: Zoshua Colah / Unsplash, Unsplash License. An espresso machine is the most complicated piece of equipment in the home coffee world. The price range spans from a few hundred dollars for a basic single-boiler to twenty thousand dollars for a commercial fl...
Hacienda Tres Picachos: A Family Coffee Farm in Jayuya
Hacienda Tres Picachos is a family-run coffee farm in barrio Saliente, in the mountain municipality of Jayuya, Puerto Rico. The family grows, processes and packs its own coffee, sold under the Tres Picachos name, and the farm receives visitors at its coffee sh...
Milk Steaming and Latte Art: The Complete Beginner's Guide
Photo: Maxstein5 / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Latte art is mostly not talent. It is the predictable consequence of two skills: steaming silky microfoam, and pouring it with controlled motion at the right height into espresso of the right consistency. Mos...
Cupping Coffee at Home: Equipment, Method and Building a Palate
Two spoons dipped into a cupping bowl. Photo: Nathan Dumlao / Unsplash, Unsplash License. Cupping is the method the coffee trade uses to taste and assess coffee, and it can be done at home. This article covers the home version: what you need, how to run a sess...
Coffee and Heart Health: What 30 Years of Research Actually Says
Photo: Frederick Shaw / Unsplash, Unsplash License. This article reports published research. It is not medical advice, and nothing in it is a recommendation to start, stop, increase or reduce coffee consumption. If you have an arrhythmia, high blood pressure, ...
Pour Over Pouring Techniques: V60, Kalita Wave, and Chemex Mastered
Photo: Indigo.udm / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Pour over coffee is the dominant manual brewing method in modern specialty coffee. The technique looks simple — pour hot water over ground coffee in a paper filter — but the variables compound: brewer geometry,...
Cuatro Sombras and Hacienda Santa Clara: San Juan's Specialty Coffee Pioneer
Photo: Andreea Munteanu / Unsplash, Unsplash License. Cafe Cuatro Sombras opened its Old San Juan microroaster in February 2011, becoming the first dedicated micro-roastery and coffeehouse in the historic district. The coffee served is single-origin from Hacie...
Café Lareño: The Lares Family Hacienda and the Quiet Coffee of the Northwest Mountains
Photo: Norma Arbelo Irizarry / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.5. Café Lareño sits at kilometer 40 of Carretera 128, in the La Torre sector of Lares — high in the northwestern mountains of Puerto Rico, in the heartland of the 1868 Grito de Lares coffee revolutio...
Coffee Scales: Why Weighing Coffee Matters
A portafilter of ground coffee resting on a digital scale, the display reading 18.7. Photo: Maksim Goncharenok / Pexels, Pexels License. A coffee scale weighs coffee and water precisely enough, and quickly enough, to repeat a good cup. This article explains wh...
Drip Coffee Makers: How Automatic Brewers Work and What Makes a Good One
A drawing of an automatic drip coffee maker, with its filter basket above a glass carafe of brewed coffee. Image: cactus cowboy / Wikimedia Commons, CC0. An automatic drip coffee maker heats water, sprays or drips it over ground coffee in a filter, and lets th...
Coffee Extraction Mathematics: TDS, Yield, and the Brewing Control Chart
Photo: CEphoto, Uwe Aranas / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Coffee extraction is the only food preparation in everyday life that has been rigorously characterized by industrial science, and the mathematics that define it are simpler than most people expect. ...
Coffee and Pregnancy: What Peer-Reviewed Research Says About Caffeine and Maternal Health
Photo: Ed Yourdon / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, after reviewing decades of research on caffeine consumption during pregnancy, recommends limiting caffeine intake to less than 200 milligrams per day ...
Coffee and Longevity: What the Large Cohort Studies Show
Coffee is one of the most studied beverages in human nutrition science, and the cumulative evidence from population studies covering more than a million participants converges on a remarkable finding: people who drink 2 to 3 cups of coffee per day have a meani...
Italian Espresso Culture: From the Bar to the Bialetti
Photo: SomeDriftwood from Liverpool, England / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Italian espresso culture is one of the most distinctive coffee traditions in the world, defined as much by the social rituals around the cup as by what is in the cup itself. Italians ...
Japanese Kissaten: The Slow Coffee Tradition
A standard Japanese dictionary defines kissaten (喫茶店) as a shop that serves tea, sweets and light meals. Writers in English use the word for Japan's old-fashioned coffee shops. Japan's official industrial classification uses it more widely: its kissaten catego...
Ethiopian Coffee Ceremony: The Birthplace Tradition
Photo: Abyssinian cat / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Ethiopian coffee ceremony, called jebena buna in Amharic, is the oldest continuously practiced coffee tradition in the world, and it comes from the country where coffee itself was discovered. For Eth...
Café Yaucono: History of a Puerto Rican Coffee Brand
La Bombonera in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico, founded in 1902, photographed in 2007. Photo: picken / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Café Yaucono is a Puerto Rican coffee brand whose name echoes the town of Yauco. The name was created in 1914 by Tomás Prado, owner ...
Coffee and Cognitive Function: Memory, Focus, and Brain Health
Photo: nichd / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Coffee's effect on cognition is one of the most studied phenomena in neuroscience, and the research has produced findings far more interesting than the obvious "caffeine makes you alert." Caffeine increases dopamine...